Journal: Cell reports
Article Title: Nanoscale Architecture of the Cortical Actin Cytoskeleton in Embryonic Stem Cells.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.089
Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. Mechanisms Regulating the Actin Cortex Architecture and Mechanics in mESCs (A) STORM images of mESCs overexpressing mDia1 CA-GFP (top) and WAVE2::mEmerald (bottom). Center: enlarged left insets. Right: filament orientation maps of the insets. Color bar, orientation angle. (B) Recruitment of myosin II into the cortex upon SMIFH2-induced network density increase. MyosinIIA::EGFP, green; LifeAct::mCherry, magenta. (C) Possible mechanisms for aster formation and cortical generation. 1a–4a: F-actin filaments in the mESC actin cortex (1a) could undergo mechanical or spontaneous breakage (2a), exposing free barbed ends that become tipped with ATP-actin (yellow) upon polymerization (3a) and, in turn, recruit additional factors, such as Arp2/3 (green), CP (purple), and formin (blue) (4a). 1b–3b: CP may displace formin from the barbed end (1b). The ATP-actin-enriched barbed end (2b) could promote recruitment of Arp2/3, CP, and formin, resulting in aster formation (3b). Asters likely depend on the balance among Arp2/3, CP, and formin (1c–3c). Although most filaments are sequestered by CP (1c and 2c), occasional filaments (presumably formin-bound) may be able to outgrow the aster zone (3c) to populate the rest of the cortex. (D) Phase diagram of the mESC actin cortex. Horizontal axis, network topological complexity control via formin and Arp2/3; vertical axis, filament extension control via formin and CP. The mESC actin cortex (center) results from a fine-tuned balance of Arp2/3, formin, and CP, with asters as transient intermediates. (legend continued on next page)
Article Snippet: N/A mEmerald-MyosinIIB-C-18 Addgene Addgene #54192,RRID:Addgene_54192 mEmerald-Integrin-Linked-Kinase Addgene Addgene #54126,RRID:Addgene_54126 mCherry-Lifeact Addgene Addgene #54491,RRID:Addgene_54491 mEmerald-Lifeact Addgene Addgene #54148,RRID:Addgene_54148 mEmerald-Capping Protein B Addgene Addgene #54027,RRID:Addgene_54027 mEmerald-Coronin1B Addgene Addgene #54049,RRID:Addgene_54049 mCherry-Arp2 Addgene Addgene #54979,RRID:Addgene_54979 mEmerald-ARPp34 Addgene Addgene #53997,RRID:Addgene_53997 mEmerald-FilaminA-N-9 Addgene Addgene #54098,RRID:Addgene_54098 mEmerald-WAVE2 Gift from the laboratory of Michael W. Davidson (The Florida State University) N/A mEmerald-WASH1 Gift from the laboratory of Michael W. Davidson (The Florida State University) N/A mEmerald-Rab5a-7 Addgene Addgene #54243,RRID:Addgene_54243 mEmerald-Rab7a-7 Addgene Addgene #54244,RRID:Addgene_54244 mEmerald-Rab11a-7 Addgene Addgene #54245,RRID:Addgene_54245 GFP-mDia1 CA Addgene Addgene #45583,RRID:Addgene_45583 EGFP-FP4-mito Gift from the laboratory of Alpha Yap (The University of Queensland, Australia) Scott et al., 2006 EGFP-AP4-mito Gift from the laboratory of Alpha Yap (The University of Queensland, Australia) Scott et al., 2006 Experimental Models: Cell Lines E14TG2a (E14) a gift from Dr. Cheng Gee Koh, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, purchased from ATCC Cat#: ATCC CRL-1821, RRID:CVCL_C320 Oligonucleotides Oligonucleotides for siRNA Dharmacon see STAR Methods Software and Algorithms Fiji (ImageJ) NIH https://fiji.sc/, RRID:SCR_002285 GraphPad Prism 6 GraphPad Software, Inc. RRID:SCR_002798 OriginPro OriginLab RRID:SCR_014212 MATLAB Mathworks RRID:SCR_001622 IDL Harris Geospatial Solutions http://www.harrisgeospatial.com/ ProductsServices/IDL.aspx Aster Analyzer 1.0 The authors https://github.com/KanchanawongLab/ AsterAnalyzer Meshwork Analyzer 1.0 The authors https://github.com/KanchanawongLab/ MeshworkAnalyzer
Techniques: Control